Ponds in river country
Around Greenwood, a pond is mostly a dug hole or a levee pond built by moving soil from the bottom into banks around the edge. That is how Delta catfish ponds are built, according to MSU Extension. Water comes from rainfall, runoff routed to it, and sometimes a well. Old sloughs and low areas can make good spots because they already gather water, but they can also be wetlands with federal rules.
MSU Extension recommends Mississippi ponds average about 5 to 6 feet deep and stay under 10 to 12 feet at the deepest, with about 20 percent of the bottom at least 6 feet deep. Banks should drop fast to about 3 feet to slow weed growth. Waterside slopes should be no steeper than 3 to 1.

Soil near the rivers
MSU Extension says a pond needs at least 20 percent clay to hold water. The heavy clay flats of Leflore County easily clear that. Ground right along the rivers is a different story. MSU notes that soils near running water tend to be coarser, with more silt and sand. A pond dug in a sandy natural levee may leak. A test hole or soil borings before the full dig answers that question cheaply.
Digging also makes dirt, and that dirt has value. It can build up banks, raise a pad for a camp or shop, fill washes or low spots, or be hauled away in the dump truck. Wet clay is heavy and hard to spread, so we plan around the weather and decide where every load goes before we start.
Permits, flood ground and planning
MDEQ requires written authorization for a dam unless it is 8 feet high or less, impounds 25 acre-feet or less, or does not dam a watercourse with continuous flow. Exempt projects still need to notify MDEQ before construction, and a surface water impoundment permit may apply. Disturbing an acre or more brings construction stormwater permit conditions.
Low land near the rivers may be in a mapped flood zone or hold wetlands. Check with the Corps of Engineers about Section 404 permits before digging in a slough or wet area. NRCS Practice Standard 378 covers excavated and embankment ponds, and the local NRCS office can help with site questions. Mississippi law requires an 811 locate request at least two working days before digging.
















